Water Resources Quality

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I Preserving the Quality of Groundwater.- 1 Evaluation and Modeling of the Impact of Environmentally Friendly Fertilization Techniques.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Experiments with Environmentally Friendly Fertilization Techniques.- 2.1 Inhibition of Nitrification\nExperimental Work.- 2.2 Controlled-Release Fertilizers.- 3 Modeling Nitrogen Dynamics.- 3.1 Basic Data and Factors Used in the Simulations.- 3.2 Effectiveness of EFFPs Under Broadcasting.- 3.3 Effect of Fertilizer Broadcasting and Banding on N Leaching and N Uptake.- 3.4 Interaction of EFFPs with Banding.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 2 Identifying Soil and Transport Properties Using a Mode of Infiltration-Redistribution Flow and Transport in the Unsaturated Zone.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Brief Description of the Field Experiment.- 3 Flow and Transport Model.- 3.1 Solution for a Single Column.- 3.2 Statistical Averaging.- 3.3 Identifying Parameters and Intervals of Confidence.- 4 Results.- 5 Summary.- References.- 3 Spatial Modeling of Nitrogen Leaching.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Materials and Methods.- 2.1 Database.- 2.2 EPIC (Environmental Policy Integrated Climate).- 2.3 Empiric Formula.- 3 GIS Application.- 4 Results and Discussion.- 5 Summary and Conclusions.- Notation.- References.- 4 The Effect of Fractures on the Reclamation of NAPL Contaminated Aquifers.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Conceptual Model.- 3 Basic Formulation.- 4 The Simulation Method.- 5 Simulation of Aquifer Remediation.- 5.1 Simulation Parameters.- 5.2 Characteristics of Aquifer Remediation.- 5.3 Influence of the Flow Rate.- 5.4 Influence of Surfactant Additives.- 6 Summary and Conclusions.- Notation.- References.- 5 Numerical Simulation as a Tool to Improve Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands for Water Treatment.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Simulation of Constructed Wetlands.- 2.1 Migration Models.- 2.2 The Flow Model.- 2.3 The Transport Model.- 2.4 The Multicomponent Reactive Transport Model CW2D.- 3 Results and Discussion.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- Notation.- References.- II Preserving the Quality of Surface Water.- 6 Water Quality Monitoring in Russian Rivers: Results of a Case Study on the Pollution Situation of the Rivers Moskva and Oka.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Material and Methods.- 2.1 Study Site.- 2.2 Methodology.- 2.3 Water-Quality Targets.- 3 Results and Discussion.- 3.1 Water and Sediment Quality.- 3.2 Toxicity Tests.- 3.3 Longitudinal Concentration Profiles.- 3.4 Load of Pollutants.- 3.5 Comparison with Other Rivers.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 7 Water Sources and Quality Along the Lower Jordan River, Regional Study.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Methods.- 2.1 Organization.- 2.2 Discharge Measurements.- 2.3 Geochemistry.- 3 Results and Discussion.- 3.1 Chemical and Isotope Analysis.- 3.2 Flow Rate Measurements.- 3.3 Mass Balance Calculations.- 4 Conclusions.- 5 References.- 8 Water Resources Issues of the Laurentian Great Lakes.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Management History.- 3 Water Resources Issues.- 3.1 Water Quantity.- 3.2 Hydrodynamics and Water Quality.- 3.3 Fisheries and Aquaculture.- 3.4 Invasive Species.- 3.5 Public Health and Policy.- 4 Contaminated Sediments.- 4.1 Resuspension.- 4.2 Partitioning Model.- 4.3 Export of Contaminants.- 4.4 Management Options.- 5 Summary and Conclusions.- Notation.- References.- 9 Advanced Approach for Synoptic Monitoring of a Lake Ecosystem: Lake Kinneret as a Model.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Underwater-Towed Undulating Monitoring System (U-TUMS).- 3 Application of U-TUMS for Limnological Studies in Lake Kinneret.- 3.1 Spatial Limnological Heterogeneity of a Stratified Lake.- 3.2 Identification of Local Phenomena.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- 10 Monitoring Lake Kinneret and Its Watershed: Forming the Basis for Management of a water Supply Lake.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Organizational Setup.- 3 The Monitoring System.- 3.1 Improving the Monitoring.- 4 Water Quantities and Lake Levels.- 5 Water Quality.- 6 Salinity.- 7 Modeling and Databases.- 8 Conclusions.- Referen